A conversation with Nozizwe Madlala-Routledge, Executive Director of Embrace Dignity on prostitution, power, and the fight for a law that finally protects the vulnerable.
Every morning in cities across South Africa, children walk
to school past women standing on street corners. They ask their parents
questions. And too often, those parents don't know what to say. It is precisely
this everyday silence this collective discomfort that Nozizwe Madlala-Routledge
has spent her life refusing to accept.
A former Deputy Minister of Health, former Deputy Speaker of
Parliament, and lifelong anti-apartheid activist, Madlala-Routledge co-founded
Embrace Dignity in 2010, a Cape Town-based women's human rights organisation dedicated
to confronting one of South Africa's most misunderstood forms of gender-based
violence: prostitution.
Sitting down with Bush Radio during Human Rights Month. This
is what she had to say.
"In every family, we come across these issues. It's
better if families can talk openly together so that the children are empowered
and can make informed decisions."
Most South Africans don't realise that the law criminalising
prostitution dates back to 1957 the Immorality Act, passed during apartheid at
a time when interracial relationships were themselves illegal. Decades later,
its legacy continues to fall most heavily on those it was never designed to
protect.
"The law victimises only those selling sex,"
Madlala-Routledge explains. "We find that it is women who sell sex who are
arrested by the police, harassed by the police, who are made to pay a fine and
a lot of the time, they have to go and sell sex simply to be able to pay that
fine. They find themselves caught in the system and they can't get out."
This is total criminalisation: both buying and selling sex
are illegal. But in practice, enforcement lands almost exclusively on women
already pushed to the margins by unemployment, poverty, and structural
inequality.
Embrace Dignity is not calling for things to stay as they
are. Nor are they calling for full decriminalisation, which they argue would
expand demand and normalise harm. Instead, they are advocating for what
Madlala-Routledge calls "the equality law” sometimes called the Nordic
Model, first passed in Sweden in 1999 and since adopted by Norway, Canada,
France, and Ireland.
The principle is clear: decriminalise the selling of sex;
maintain criminalisation for buying, pimping, and brothel-keeping.
"Those who are selling sex act obviously out of desperation should be totally decriminalised themselves," she says. "But not the sex industry. Because the harms are inherent in the system of prostitution."
The practical difference matters enormously. Under the
current law, a woman cannot report abuse without incriminating herself. She
cannot carry a condom without it being used as evidence against her. She cannot
go to the police if a buyer refuses to pay, assaults her, or worse.
Madlala-Routledge does not allow the conversation to stay
abstract for long. She describes a woman who came to Embrace Dignity's
attention recently, her arms marked with injection sites from where two men had
kept her captive in a garage for two weeks, forcibly injecting her with hard
drugs.
"They inject these drugs and make them do things they
would not do normally. Very abusive." The sex trade, she insists, is
increasingly inseparable from drug trafficking and organised crime. "It
thrives largely because it's about trafficking the drugs."
And then there is the corruption. Police find men and women
together. The women are arrested. The men pay bribes and walk free.
"The police benefit from a situation of exploitation.
The woman is being exploited. They can see that. And yet they take a bribe from
the men, because men don't like to be exposed."
"A man says: I've bought you, so you need to do
anything I ask you to do — even if it's violent. When money comes into it, this
is when the violence comes in."
One of Embrace Dignity's core arguments is about where blame
and shame are currently directed and where they should be. HIV statistics track
women. Police arrest women. Communities stigmatise women. But the men who buy
sex, carry infection, refuse condoms, and perpetrate violence remain largely
invisible in the data and in public discourse.
"Nobody is looking at the buyers to say how many have
HIV," Madlala-Routledge points out. "And yet we know that HIV is sexually
transmitted. So whoever has it, passes it on."
The stigma, she argues, must shift. "Accountability and
stigma must go to those who exploit them. And those who exploit them are those
who buy them for sex."
A Court Case That
Could Change Everything
The legal and political landscape is in flux. A case brought
by SWEAT (Sex Worker Education and Advocacy Taskforce) calling for the full
decriminalisation of prostitution is headed to the Western Cape High Court a
ruling with potentially national implications. Embrace Dignity is opposing it.
At the same time, a government draft bill that included
decriminalisation as a pillar of the national gender-based violence and femicide
strategy was introduced and then quietly withdrawn.
"There's no political will," Madlala-Routledge
says plainly. "Political parties need votes and they don't want to talk
about this issue openly. And this affects women largely and girls. They are
dying. And yet political parties are shying away."
For fifteen years, Embrace Dignity has held this ground insisting
that prostitution is not a choice freely made, but a system shaped by poverty,
violence, and demand. That women in the sex trade are not criminals to be
punished, but people to be protected. That a law change is not only possible it
is proven.
"There's absolutely no constitutional right for men to
buy sex," Madlala-Routledge says, with the calm certainty of someone who
has been saying this for a very long time. "Sex should be about a mutually
equal relationship. When money comes into it, this is when the violence comes
in."
Take Action with
Embrace Dignity
Sign the CAPA Charter — the Coalition for the Abolition of
Prostitution in Africa — and join a growing movement across the continent to
end commercial sexual exploitation.
Go to embracedignity.co.za and become the change.








